Every now and then Morpheus does his thing. He turns his back on you and voracious insomnia takes over your nights. You have seen one of your colleagues fall asleep at his workplace.
Insomnia or excessive daytime sleepiness are very common sleep disorders. Know its causes, consequences and treatment to avoid affecting our performance, health and quality of life.
Sleep is so important that under normal conditions we will spend about a third of our lives sleeping. The quality of the waking state, what we are able to do during the day, depends on the quality of our sleep, if it has been restorative and sufficient.
The insomnia
Insomnia is the difficulty we experience, either in falling asleep or in keeping it at night. In both cases, the next day, we feel tired, slow and irritable. In order for us to declare ourselves insomniac, in addition to experiencing harmful effects, it must occur to us at least three times a week and for more than a month.
Causes of insomnia
They are diverse, in general it can be a consequence of generalized anxiety or chronic stress due to lifestyle and type of work. There may be elements that predispose you, for example bad habits such as exposing yourself to the screen of electronic devices before going to sleep.
Circumstances that precipitate it such as a process of mourning, separation, rotating work hours or illnesses and the use of certain medications.
One element that favors it is what I call the vicious cycle of insomnia: the worry that we feel about not getting enough sleep. Repeated thoughts about the effects the next day keep us from sleeping.
The consequences of insomnia
If you have had insomnia or live with someone who suffers from it, you will know that the next day they may present irritability and anxiety or lack of concentration and slowness in their ability to react.
There are studies that show the correlation between insomnia and how the endocrine and immune systems are affected in their ability to respond to protect the body. Therefore, this disorder is a risk factor for our mental and physical health.
Treatment
· It begins by identifying and attacking causes such as stress and anxiety.
· Condition your room to avoid noise and light.
· Improve sleep habits:
· Go to bed and get up at the same time, even on weekends
· Avoid or limit naps.
· Cut out stimulants like caffeine.
· Avoid large meals and drinks before going to bed.
· Stick to a bedtime routine like a warm bath, listening to relaxing music.
· Do not use electronic devices such as the phone or the computer before going to sleep.
· Don't work, watch TV, or eat in bed.
Hypersomnia
It is a disorder that is characterized by excess sleep. The person manifests excessive daily sleepiness and nocturnal sleep episodes that are abnormally prolonged. Sometimes they fall asleep in inappropriate places and times. These people can fall asleep in situations where they normally do not.
Causes
It can occur as a side effect of some medications. It can be a consequence of some underlying diseases, such as clinical depression, fibromyalgia and other sleep disorders such as narcoplepsia or sleep adnea.
Consequences
Those who suffer from it fall asleep in unusual conditions and their work and social performance is affected. They have serious short-term memory and concentration problems. They lack the energy to get up in the morning and are slow to process any information. A high accident rate has been found at work and at home.
Treatments
· The underlying disease that produces it must be identified and treated.
· Like insomnia, you should take care of nighttime sleep habits, such as establishing a schedule for going to bed and getting up, even on weekends.
· Depending on the severity of the symptom, mild to moderate or intense stimulants can be used to improve alertness.
The disorders of sleep you subtract quality of life. If you suffer from any disorder, take action, review your habits and ask a specialist for help.
Do not resign yourself, sleep is a great ally and like all physiological processes it has a rhythm and balance that we must take care of.
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